Muhammad (c. 26 April 570 – 8 June 632;[1] also spelled Mohammad or Mohammed; Arabic: محمد) (full name: Muhammad Ibn `Abd Allāh Ibn `Abd al-Muttalib Arabic: عبد المطلب محمدإبن عبدالله إبن ) was the founder of the religion of Islam.[2][n 1] He is considered by Muslims and Bahá'ís to be a messenger and prophet of God, and by Muslims the last law-bearer in a series of Islamic prophets. Most Muslims consider him to be the last prophet of God as taught by the Quran.[3][n 2] Muslims thus consider him the restorer of an uncorrupted original monotheistic faith (islām) of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and other prophets.[4][5][6]
Born in 570 in the Arabian city of Mecca,[7][8] he was orphaned at an early age and brought up under the care of his uncle Abu Talib. He later worked mostly as a merchant, as well as a shepherd, and was first married by age 25.[9] Discontented with life in Mecca, he retreated to a cave in the surrounding mountains for meditation and reflection.
According to Islamic beliefs it was here, at age 40,[7][10] in the month of Ramadan, where he received his first revelation from God. Three years after this event Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly, proclaiming that "God is One", that complete "surrender" to Him (lit. islām) is the only way (dīn)[n 3] acceptable to God, and that he himself was a prophet and messenger of God, in the same vein as other Islamic prophets.[6][11][12]
According to Islamic beliefs it was here, at age 40,[7][10] in the month of Ramadan, where he received his first revelation from God. Three years after this event Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly, proclaiming that "God is One", that complete "surrender" to Him (lit. islām) is the only way (dīn)[n 3] acceptable to God, and that he himself was a prophet and messenger of God, in the same vein as other Islamic prophets.[6][11][12]
Muhammad gained few followers early on,[13] and was met with hostility from some Meccan tribes; he and his followers were treated harshly. To escape persecution, Muhammad sent some of his followers to Abyssinia[14] before he and his remaining followers in Mecca migrated to Medina (then known as Yathrib) in the year 622.[15]
This event, the Hijra, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, which is also known as the Hijri Calendar. In Medina, Muhammad united the conflicting tribes,[15] and after eight years of fighting with the Meccan tribes, his followers, who by then had grown to 10,000, conquered Mecca. In 632, a few months after returning to Medina from his Farewell pilgrimage, Muhammad fell ill and died. By the time of his death, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam, and he had united the tribes of Arabia into a single Muslim religious polity.[16][17]
This event, the Hijra, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, which is also known as the Hijri Calendar. In Medina, Muhammad united the conflicting tribes,[15] and after eight years of fighting with the Meccan tribes, his followers, who by then had grown to 10,000, conquered Mecca. In 632, a few months after returning to Medina from his Farewell pilgrimage, Muhammad fell ill and died. By the time of his death, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam, and he had united the tribes of Arabia into a single Muslim religious polity.[16][17]
مُحَمَّدٌ أَشْرَفُ الأَعْرَابِ وَالْعَجَمِ
مُحَمَّدٌ خَيْرُ مَنْ يَمْشِيْ عَلَى قَدَمِ
Muhammad adalah termulia di hadapan Arab dan Ajam
Muhammad lah sebaik-baik manusia yang berjalan di bumi ini
مُحَمَّدٌ بَاسِطُ الْمَعْرُوْفِ جَامِعُهُ
مُحَمَّدٌ صَاحِبُ الإِحْسَــانِ وَالْكَرَمِ
Muhammad adalah luas kebaikannya,dialah pengumpulnya
Muhammad lah penghulu segala kebaikan dan kemuliaan
مُحَمَّدٌ تَاجُ رُسْلِ اللهِ قَاطِبَةً
مُحَمَّدٌ صَادِقُ الأَقْوَالِ وَالكَلِمِ
Muhammad adalah mahkota para rasul ALLAH,seluruhnya
Muhammad adalah benar pada kata-katanya
مُحَمَّدُ ثَابِتُ المِيْثَاقِ حَافِظُهُ
مُحَمَّدُ طَيِّبُ الأَخْلَاقِ وَالْشِيَمِ
Muhammad adalah tetap pada janjinya
Muhammad itu cantik akhlak dan rupanya
مُحَمَّدُ رُوِيَت بِالنُّورِ طِيْنَتُهُ
مُحَمَّدُ لمَْ يَزَلْ نُوْراً مِّنَ الْقِدَمِ
Muhammad,tanah semadinya disirami dengan Nur
Muhammad,dia masih bercahaya sejak azali
مُحَمَّدُ حَاكِمُ بِالعَدْلِ ذُوْ شَرَفٍ
مُحَمَّدُ مَعْدِنُ الإِنْعَامِ وَالْحِكَمِ
Muhammad seorang hakim yang adil,punya kemuliaan
Muhammad adalah kunci kenikmatan dan hikmah
مُحَمَّدُ خَيْرُ خَلْقِ اللهِ مِنْ مُضَرِ
مُحَمَّدُ خَيْرُ رُسْلِ اللهِ كُلِّهِِمِ
Muhammad adalah semulia-mulia makhluk ALLAH,dari kaum Mudhar
Muhammad itu semulia-mulia rasul ALLAH,seluruhnya
مُحَمَّدُ دِيْنُهُ حَـــقٌّ نَدِيْنُ بِهِ
مُحَمَّدُ مُجْمِلاً حَقاً عَلَى عَلَمِ
Muhammad,agamanya adalah kebenaran,yang kita anuti
Muhammad adalah kebenaran,sebenar-benarnya
مُحَمَّدُ ذِكْرُهُ رُوْحٌ لِأَنْفُسِنَا
محمد شُكْرُهُ فَرْضٌ عَلَى الأُمَمِ
Muhammad,mengingatinya adalah seperti roh bagi kita
Muhammad,wajib kita berterima kasih kepadanya
محمد زِينَةٌ الدُنْيَا وَبَهْجَتُهَا
محمد كَاشِفٌ الغُمَّاتِ وَالظُلَمِ
Muhammad adalah penghias dunia dan penghiburnya
Muhammad,ibarat penghapus duka dan kegelapan
محمد سَيِّدُ طَابَتْ مَنَاقِبُهُ
محمد صَاغَهُ الرَحمَنُ بِالنِعمَِ
Muhammad,penghulu yang suci perbuatannya
Muhammad,diberikan sebaik-baik nikmat oleh ALLAH
محمد صَفْوَةٌ البَارِي وَخِيْرَتُهُ
محمد طَاهِرٌ مِنْ سَائِرِ التُهَمِ
Muhammad,adalah insan pilihan ALLAH,sebaik-baik makhluk
Muhammad,adalah suci daripada segala tohmahan
محمد ضَاحِكٌ لِلضَيْفِ مُكْرِمُهُ
محمد جَارُهُ وَاللهِ لمَ يُضَمِ
Muhammad,tersenyum buat tetamunya,bahkan memuliakannya
Muhammad,jirannya,demi ALLAH tidak dizaliminya
محمد طَابَتِ الدُنْيَا بِبَعْثَتِهِ
محمد جَاءَ بِالآيَاتِ وَالحِكَمِ
Muhammad,alangkah indahnya dunia dengan kehadirannya
Muhammad,telah datang dengan mukjizat dan hikmah-hikmah
محمد يَوْمَ بَعْثِ النَّاسِ شَافِعُنَا
محمد نُورُهُ الهَادِي مِنَ الظُّلَمِ
Muhammad,kelak di hari kebangkitan,dialah pemberi syafaat kita
Muhammad,nurnya ibarat penyuluh hidayah dari kegelapan
محمد قَائِمٌ لِلّهِ ذُو هِمَمِ
محمد خَاتَمُ لِلرُّسْلِ كُلِّهِمِ
Muhammad,tidak putus-putus menghadap ALLAH dengan penuh harapan
Muhammad adalah penamat sekalian rasul ALLAH,seluruhnya
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